Updated Information... ITW Anchors
I have just received updated and corrected information from ITW regarding their approved concrete anchors.
ITW (REDHEAD) ANCHORS:
- TRUBOLT+ Expansion Anchor, ESR-2427 Report, (3/8 -3/4)
- 3/8 and 1/2 anchors require 4" minimum slab
- 5/8 anchors require 6" minimum slab
- 3/4 anchors require 7" minimum slab
These requirements have been tested and approved. The reults are valid in all areas of the nation as well as internationally.
What Difference Does the Anchor Make?
It used to be that an anchor was an anchor. In some states where there is low risk of seismic activity that may still be true. In those areas that require conformance to Uniform Building Code (UBC) or ICC's International Building Code (IBC), the results of the structural engineer's report will determine the brand, size and depth of the anchoring that is required.
Anchors are required to be tested with results approved by the ICC prior to being approved for use for permitted jobs. The conditions of these tests are stringent and for that reason deputy inspections are required by an approved deputy inspection firm.
The engineer's calculations will state the number of anchors to be used, the accepted brand(s), the size and depth required. See the example of a detail drawing below.
Why Do I Need a Permit
How do you know what requires a building permit? Take a look around you. Depending on your state and local jurisdiction, you may be surprised.
- At your place of business you may need a permit if you are installing
- Office partition that will stand higher than 5'9"
- Shelving used for used for storage
- Displays standing over 5'9"
- Computer racks
If these furnishings stand less than 8' you may only need to get structural calculations as related to over turn and anchoring. Your Community Building Department will be able to give you a list of information required for a permit.
Contact Michael Patino by Phone or e-mail for information regarding your specific government requirement.
Watch Your Flu Space and Exits in Racked Areas
January 1st 2011, brough about some minor refinements that will effect the positioning of product in confined High Pile Rack areas. Six inch flue space must be maintained in all racked areas; if you are moving or setting up a new pallet rack area. If your pallets are over hanging to within 6" of the wall, you will now need to assure appropriate flu space between pallets even when the rack is against the wall. A good rule of thumb would be to allow for 3" of overhang plus an additional 6", I recommend that my clients start their pallet rack at least 12" off of the wall. In some cases with higher capacity rack you may need to go 18" off the wall.
Please check out this document...
for a quick view of things that you should be aware of. This document has some excellent diagrams that may be of assistance in determining the best way to have the proper flu space.
Guideline G-09 was published by the OCFA to guide you through high pile storage. The new version should be published during the first quarter of this year. NOTE: Each local jurisdiction interprets fire code differently. We recommend that you check with your local fire authority to determine the actual requirement for that jurisdiction.
Keep Your Pallet Rack in Good Repair
Pallet rack is designed to hold a great capacity of load. Engineers base their calculations on rack that is in good condition. Damage from forlifts and pallet loads can render the steel incapable of holding the designed load.? Many times, as aI perform a safety inspection in a warehouse I will see uprights with the front column no longer touching the ground. Or I will witness a double high pallet stacked into the side of the pallet rack upright.? These instances can be prevented.?I recommend the use of heavy duty barrier rail. It protects from forklift drivers and their loads.
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The above illustration demonstrates Ladder Industries' Barrier Rail being used to prevent the unsafe storage of pallets and staged loads against the pallet rack uprights.? End of aisle barrier serves little purpose if it is too close to the ground.? Do not confuse Barrier Rail with narrow Aisle guide rail.? They have very different purposes.
For a barrier rail to be usefull, it must be high enough to stop the load or vehicle that can cause the damage.? Common safety practices maintain that a forlkift should not travel with forks higher than twelve inches off the ground. If that is the case, a six inch angle iron? rail, anchored to the ground will not stop a forlift or its load from impacting the pallet rack.
Ladder Industries?Barriers are formed with 1/4" x 4" square tube posts and 10 ga. formed steel rails. They are designed to absord an impact of a 10,000 lb. load, travelling at 4 mph.? Baseplates are 10 x 10 and can be offset or centered depending on the application.? 42"H? double rail confirgurations are also available .
The 18" profile is high enough to prevent the pallet or forklift from hitting the rack structure. Should the barriers be hit by a forklift, the barriers will absorb the damage and protect the life of your rack investment.? The lift? out design allows for easy removal for servicing, cleaning and repairs.
Let Indoff assist you in finding?the appropriate barrier or bollard to keep your rack structurally sound.
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There are rules to be followed when starting a new installation!
A A CheckList has been developed to assist and guide the designer and plans examiner through the provisions of the 2009 International Residential Code (IRC), Chapters 1 through 11. The material is organized by subject to allow the user to quickly identify code requirements applicable to the project and have easy reference to the corresponding code text for further clarification.
The 2009 IRC CheckList covers the code provisions related to the planning, design and construction of typical residential buildings including requirements for construction documents, structural design criteria, fire and life safety, foundations, framing, weather protection, chimneys and fireplaces, and energy efficiency. The CheckList is also a useful tool for the contractor, builder and inspector in the planning, construction and inspection processes.
The following is a sample of the contents of the IRC Checklist...TABLE OF CONTENTS
Preface................................................................................. vii
2009 IRC, Chapter 3–Design Criteria......................................... ix
2009 IRC Checklist–Sample Letter .............................................x
I. Construction Documents .....................................................1
A.Submittal Documents..... .......................................................1
B. Manufacturer’s Installation Instructions ..................................1
C. Areas Prone to Flooding .......................................................1
D. Site Plan ...........................................................................1
E. Design Criteria...................................... ...........................1
II. Building Planning...............................................................5
A. Site Address ......................................................................5
B. Exterior Wall Location..........................................................5
C. Light, Ventilation and Heating .............................................6
D. Minimum Room Areas and Ceiling Height .............................6
E. Sanitation, Toilet, Bath and Spaces ......................................7
F. Glazing ............................................................................7
G. Garages and Carports..........................................................9
H. Emergency Escape and Rescue Openings................................9
I. Means of Egress and Guards ................................................10
J. Automatic Fire Sprinkler Systems...........................................12
K. Smoke Alarms ...................................................................12
L. Carbon Monoxide Alarms......................................................13
M.Foam Plastic ....................................................... ..............13
N. Insulation .........................................................................13
O. Dwelling Unit Separation ....................................................13
P. Vapor Retarders................................................................14
Q. Protection against Decay and Protection against Subterranean Termites ......14
R. Roof Ventilation and Attic Access .........................................15
S. Accessibility.............................................. ........................16
T. Storm Shelters....................................................................16
III. Wall Covering..................................................................17
A.Wall/Ceiling Interior Covering................................................17
B. Exterior Wall Covering .......................................... ............17
IV. Chimneys and Fireplaces .................................................19
A. Masonry Fireplaces.............................................................19
B. Masonry Chimneys .............................................................20
The International code council is an excellent source of publications that regard regulations in your state or locality. Standard codes and amendments can be found at this link.
The Current Word on Concrete Anchors
reprinted by permission from LA Chapter Material Handling & Management Society Aug 2009
Anchors Revisited
As most of us are aware by now, all anchors that are to resist seismic forces, must be installed under the supervision of a deputy inspector.
The code change has allowed the "Periodic" in lieu of "Continuous" inspection.
Definition of the periodic supervision is up to the deputy inspector. However, the inspector should check the brand of anchor, observe how the holes are drilled (and cleaned) and observe some anchors being installed. He then returns, depending on the project size, and verifies the torque of the installed anchors.
The currently approved anchors in seismic areas are:
HILTI ANCHORS:
- Kwik Bolt TZ (ESR-1917); Expansion anchor (3/8" – ¾")
- HDA (ESR-1546); Undercut anchor (10mm-20mm)
- HSL-3 (ESR-1545); Metric Sleeve Anchor (8mm-24mm)
ITW (REDHEAD) ANCHORS Updated 4-11-2011
POWERS ANCHORS
- Power Stud SD1 (ESR-2818); Expansion Anchor (3/8"-5/8")
- Power Stud SD2 (ESR-2502); Expansion Anchor (3/8" – ¾")
- Wedge Bolt (ESR-2526); Concrete Screw (3/8"- ¾")
SIMPSON ANCHORS:
- Strong Bolt (ESR-1771); Expansion Anchor (1/2" –1")
- Titen HD (ESR-2713); Concrete Screw (3/8" –3/4")
All anchors must be installed under the periodic supervision of a deputy inspector, typically hired and paid by the owner, through a testing agency.
All submittals to the city must have the anchors selected and their capacity calculated. No more "Or approved equal", as each manufacturer has different approval criteria.
Testing of anchors installed, without a deputy inspector present, MAY be allowed, provided the engineer of record writes a proposal to be approved by the building official. Know the rules!
Thanks to Sal Fateen, Seizmic Engineering and LAMHMS
Building Codes
Did You Know...?
Those Dreaded Building CodesBy Sal E. Fateen, PE
- Any structural welding is to be done in an approved shop.
- Approved shop, means to be approved by the building official reviewing the plans.
- Any structural field welding is to be done by certified welders, under the supervision of a deputy inspector.
- Non structural welds are not governed by the building code. Therefore only visual in-spection of these welds may be necessary, upon completion.
- All high strength bolts need to be inspected. Depending on the connection, either finger tight or torque tested.
- Anchors need to be installed under the supervision of a deputy inspector.
- Deputy inspectors usually can be engaged through an approved testing lab.
- Engineer of record must inspect the construction after completion of the installation.
- Load signs must be posted at conspicuous locations.
- Column protectors are required, if forklift impact is expected.
- If you start construction without obtaining a building permit, you may be subject to a penalty of up to twice the cost of the permit.
- The IBC code relies on the RMI standards for design of the racks.
- RMI standards do not differentiate between single and B/B rows.
The above are in the building code or are being referenced by therein; however some municipalities may not enforce them at the present.
Be aware that they might and that you may have to com-ply with them.
Approved Anchors
New Anchor Issues
By Sal E. Fateen, PE
1. When any ICC approval reports for anchor bolt expires, the renewal of the previously approved anchors is denied for use in heavy seismic areas. It is only allowed in category A & B. (Zone 0, 1, 2A)
2. The new criteria for testing of the anchors takes into account cracking that may occur in the concrete.
3. As of today, only three manufacturers have anchors approved for installa-tion in the heavy seismic areas, such as the west coast and parts of Tennessee and Georgia.
4. Only the Wedge type anchors are approved, not the screw type.
- Hilti Kwik Bolt TZ ESR 1917
- Simpson Strong Bolt ESR 1771
- ITW Red Head Trubolt+ ESR 2427
- New Powers wedge anchors are almost ready.
5. All anchors must be installed under the continuous supervision of a deputy inspector, typically hired and paid by the owner, through a testing agency.
6. Anchors installed with a deviation of no more than 6 degrees from the vertical, does not affect their capacity.
7. A proposal was submitted to ICC to allow the anchors to be used without continuous inspection. That proposal was defeated on 2/26/08.
8. A new proposal for periodic in lieu of continuous inspection will be drafted for submittal to ICC.
Reprinted by permission.
Sal E. Fateen, SEIZMIC ENGINEERING 03-06-2008
New rules for 2008
Starting January 2007 ICBO regulations will apply to all storage system projects. In speaking to engineers, the effect may have differences in capacities of the rack, shelving or other storage systems that you are planning.
The most noticeable effect has to do with how projects are anchored. It is likely that anchors that were once approved for storage jobs are not approved under the new ICBO parameters. It is likely that local governing agencies will require physical inspections on anchoring of projects. Physical inspections may slow down the installation process. Installations will definitely become more expensive due to the cost of the approved anchors and the labor cost for the certified inspectors that will be required.